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Termites
Q: Why are most termite problems discovered during March - May?
A: Spring is typically when large numbers of winged termites (known as "swarmers") emerge inside structures. This, along with other signs of termites noted during real estate inspections is what usually triggers the initial concern of homeowners. In nature, termites swarm in order to disperse and start new colonies. After a colony reaches a critical size (typically requiring 5-8 years), winged reproductives are produced. In response to warmer temperatures and rainfall, the winged termites emerge from the colony and fly into the air. The swarmers then drop to the ground, shed their wings, pair off with a mate, and attempt to begin a new colony in the soil.
Very few swarmers emerging outdoors survive to initiate new colonies. Termite swarmers emerging inside a structure almost never survive -- but indicate that an infestation is present. Swarmers and their shed wings can be removed with a vacuum cleaner.
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Q: How will I know if my home is infested?
A: The presence of winged termites inside a home almost always indicates an infestation warranting treatment. Termite swarmers are attracted to light and often will be seen around windows, doors and light fixtures.
They can be differentiated from winged ants by their straight antennae, uniform waist, and wings of equal size. Ants have elbowed antennae, constricted waists and forewings that are longer than the hind wings. Swarmers emerging from tree stumps, woodpiles, railroad ties and other outdoor locations are not necessarily cause for concern, and do not necessarily mean that the structure, itself, is infested.
Another indicator of a termite problem is pencil-wide mud foraging tubes extending over foundation walls, support piers, sill plates, floor joists, headers and subfloors. Termites construct these mud "shelter" tubes as they travel between their underground colonies and the structure. Termite-damaged wood is usually hollowed out along the grain, with bits of dried mud or soil lining the feeding galleries. Wood damaged by moisture or other types of insects will not have this appearance
There will often be no sign of the termites themselves -- small, creamy-white insects with an "ant-like" appearance. An infestation can go undetected for years, hidden behind drywall, paneling, floor coverings, insulation, and other obstructions
Termite feeding (and the resultant damage) can even progress undetected in wood that is exposed, because the outer surface is usually left intact.
Confirmation of infestation often requires the keen eye of an experienced termite inspector. However, even the most experienced termite inspector can overlook damage which is hidden.
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Q: Can I treat the house myself?
A: Given the substantial financial investment of one's home, termite treatment is usually a job for professionals. A possible exception would be if a mailbox post, sandbox or similar outdoor wood object not attached to the structure was infested.
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